// subject deep-dive
Computer Organization & Architecture
Explore the internal workings of computers, from instruction sets to memory hierarchy.
📊 Average Weightage: 7–9 Marks (5–7 Questions)
Instruction Set & Addressing Modes
Machine instruction formats and addressing modes like immediate, direct, and indirect addressing.
Processor Components
ALU operations, data path, control unit design, registers, and arithmetic logic units.
Pipelining
Concept of instruction pipelining, types of hazards (data, control, structural), and performance metrics like throughput and speedup.
Memory Hierarchy
Cache memory (levels, mapping), main memory, secondary storage, and virtual memory concepts like paging.
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Recommended Book
William Stallings — COA
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High-Yield Topics
Instruction pipelining (including hazard analysis) and memory hierarchy (specifically cache organization) are frequently tested and crucial for a high score.